Foils In Hamlet In fiction, a foil is a character whom contrasts with another character in the story, typically the protagonist. In conclusion this is how Fortinbras can be used as a Foil for Hamlet. Their fathers are both killed, and their uncles are kings. He knows that When an author uses a foil in literature they are emphasizing not only strengths and … young men succeed in avenging their fathers' deaths. Since the … They are Laertes and Fortinbras. I appreciate your readership and am glad you enjoy my hubs. This virtue also puts him at odds with the more introspective and longwinded Hamlet. HAMLET AND FORTINBRAS In Hamlet the character of Fortinbras, a young Norwegian prince, has been used as a foil for the main character Hamlet, Hamlet and Fortinbras have both lost their fathers to untimely deaths. In many ways his story is parallel to Hamlet's: he too has lost his father by violence (Old Hamlet killed Old Fortinbras in single combat); he too is impeded from ascending the throne by an interfering uncle. Ah Hamlet I love your brilliant mind. Hamlet resolves to be a "tough man" just like his hero Fortinbras. criminal; he could not deliberately kill in cold blood. Young Fortinbras is considered to be a character foil to Hamlet. Horatio guesses the Prince of Norway is going “to recover of us, by strong hand / And terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands / So by his father lost” (1.1, 102-4). A character used in that way is a device known as a foil, so in literary terms, we say that Laertes is a foil to Hamlet. He was also very crucial to the play's. Go, bid the soldiers shoot. Go and take a look at Teresa McGurks hubs - she publishes a lot of lit crit stuff and recently published a great hub about Richard III, (PS - you've got a couple of typos on the spelling of Cladius). Yes, I agree, one could discuss this play endlessly, I think. Fortinbras feels that his father’s death and loss of Norwegian land brings dishonor upon his father and upon himself. The stage is strewn with dead bodies. On the other hand, Hamlet is a scholar whereas Fortinbras is a soldier therefore their distinction trait is thought versus action. Why is Laertes a foil to Hamlet? Fortinbras tribute to the dead Hamlet. Another foil to Hamlet is Prince Fortinbras of Norway. Certainly the invasion plan must have been many years in the making, but it was This revelation leads Hamlet to praise Fortinbras: Witness this army of such mass and charge. Fortinbras, who schemes to rebuild his father's kingdom, leads thousands of men into battle, attempting to capture a small and worthless piece of Poland, after his uncle warned him against attacking Denmark. Shakespeare's Stratford. The Foils of Laertes and Fortinbras in Hamlet William Shakespeare wrote the classic play, Hamlet in the sixteenth century. Hamlet launches into a self deprecating rant about how much of a coward he is. The captain of Fortinbras’s army says to Hamlet, “We go to gain a little patch of ground / That hath in it no profit but the name” (4.4, 18-9). Where Hamlet is pensive and mercurial, Fortinbras is all action. On the other hand, his actions speak for him. However, Fortinbras is more aggressive and even sneaky. Horatio, when he sees the ghost of the old king, says: (For so on this of our known world esteem’d him), Did slay this Fortinbras, who, by a seal’d compact, Did forfeit (with his life) all [those] in his lands, Which he stood seiz’d of, to the conqueror[.] Both are students at the university of wittenberg . A foil is a minor character in a literary work that compliments the main character through similarities and differences in personality. He over thinks things. Horatio serves as Hamlet's foil throughout the play and is his loyal friend. On top of that, his mother, rather than supporting her distraught son, and grieving as might be expected of a widow, has re-married in unnatural haste. I am a student of EnglisH and i have Hamlet as the subject matter of my monograph . Hamlet would be a very difficult play to understand without the masterful use of foils. Co-leagued with this dream of his advantage, He hath not fail’d to pester us with message. Fortinbras as Foil for Hamlet In the play, Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the character of Fortinbras, has been used as a foil for the main character, Hamlet. He is trained to think things through, intelligently, However, his off-stage actions at the beginning of the play set the political tone and context of the whole work. Hamlet "puts an antic disposition" on, thereby pretending to be someone he is not, but Horatio is "not passion's slave." Both men have lost their fathers and now seek retribution. In hamlets first soliloquy he employs a number of classical allusions. Hamlet has carried the burden of the action throughout the play but Fortinbras has survived to restore the broken realm to order. It is Hamlet's uncle ~ this same Claudius ~ who has been elected king. Front Covers - Books available from Amazon. Hamlet hesitates. It is as simple as that and requires no time for thought or consideration. He is barely seen and speaks little. In Hamlet, Fortinbras, the Norwegian Prince, serves as the most important foil of Hamlet and provides us with the actions and emotions in which we can compare to those of Hamlet and better reveal Hamlet’s own character. This is a quality Claudius uses to avoid war. Fortinbras is a royal prince of Norway, whose father was killed over a land dispute, many years before, by Old Hamlet. However, Hamlet does avenge his Laertes is one of many characters in the popular play called Hamlet. Horatio is not the only one watching Fortinbras’s movements. Shakespeare's Birthplace Visitor Centre. Find out more. Maybe he knew, or suspected, that Claudius killed Old Hamlet and is not to be trusted ~ not even by those near and dear to him. He makes his presence known only at the beginning, middle and end. If so, Claudius is a perfect foil for Hamlet, because Claudius does what Hamlet only thinks about doing: killing Hamlet Sr., and then marrying Gertrude. Does Hamlet want to kill his father and sleep with his mother? However, these passages let the reader know Fortinbras is still lurking on the fringes of the play, and he appears—or at least a representative of his force does—at the center of the play when the situation has become even more dire now that Hamlet has killed a man. Hamlet has a better case for revenge, because his father was murdered by his uncle, whereas Fortinbras’ father was killed fairly, in a duel, against the late King Hamlet, therefore Fortinbras wants revenge on Denmark.Hamlet pursues his revenge sensibly, at first, by testing the words of the ghost with a play. He is impressed by … Foil Character Role Analysis Hamlet and Claudius. Fortinbras is a complex, almost contradictory character. I really liked your character analysis. Hamlet is in emotional turmoil. October 23, 2012, erwin, Leave a comment. Of course, Fortinbras was going to sit by after his father was killed; instead, he raises an army. who deserved it would cause them no problems, but Hamlet is a decent man, who Unlike Hamlet, Fortinbras is known for quickly seeking revenge. A young leader motivated to conquer foreign lands, make a name for himself, and avenge his father’s death at the hands of Hamlet ’s own father, Fortinbras is Hamlet’s opposite in every way. His soliloquies confirm his confusion and concern. First, there is the suggestion that Fortinbras knows the state of affairs in Denmark. Hamlet’s inability to act and ultimate failure are contrasted by Fortinbras’s actions and ultimate success. What if he does kill Claudius, won't that secure a place for himself in Purgatory? Fortinbras and Hamlet have many things in common. Shakespeare also had a practical reason for bringing Fortinbras on to the stage at the end of the play. Hamlet and Fortinbras as foil characters. God of madness how beautiful is your mind. Behind the stories of both Fortinbras and Hamlet is the question of why their uncles are wearing the crowns that should, in the normal pattern of who-gets-to-be-king, go to them (the sons). The idea of him as a law-bringer coincides with his final act as a framing device as the play closes. 'Hamlet', Act 5, Scene 2, gives us a trial of swordsmanship, between Hamlet and Laertes ~ but fixed by the king (and Laertes) so that Hamlet will die. I agree that Fortinbras is a great foil to Hamlet - there are many parallels in theirs lives (which add balance to the narrative) - the deaths of their fathers being the main one and that they are both crown princes. Hamlet knows that Claudius is evil but Laertes is fooled. However, the killing is unintentional. Fortinbras acts as a foil to Hamlet due to their similar goals. Fortinbras, on the other hand, is willing to accept that revenge is troublesome in his situation. And though they come from a similar background, various differences come in to play to show Hamlet’s weakness. Fortinbras goes about his revenge is a different way than Laertes and Hamlet though. Though he two are foils of each other, Hamlet deeply respects Fortinbras it seems. Horatio is concerned with Fortinbras’s army, and this concern colors the play since it is one of the foremost concerns on the minds of the characters. Return to the "Hamlet" menu. Another telling quality of Fortinbras is his brevity. He is careful not to act rashly. He acts with dignity and calm and issues instructions. considering all options, before making decisions. All of Hamlet's flaws have been demonstrated/reinforced using all of Fortinbras' traits. Compared to Hamlet, Laertes is faced with similar issues ~ but reacts very differently. He is sorry to learn of the circumstances of Hamlet’s death as narrated to him by Horatio and says. Thank you for your comment. In Claudius's opening speech in the following lines he utilizes what rhetorical device. The Chandos Portrait of William Shakespeare. To be honest, I don't think that I had even considered the role of Fortinbras as a frame for the play, before. I did Hamlet for A level English Lit (2 year course aged 16 to 18 in the UK) and despite that, still like the play (-: Seth Tomko (author) from Macon, GA on June 23, 2009: Thanks for taking the time to read the article, and for reminding me about Teresa's work. There is no honor or glory in the murderous scene before him. For example, Ophelia's apparently genuine madness is a foil for Hamlet's supposedly feigned 'antic disposition'. killer. hamlet mocks Polonius but Laertes endures his father's taunts Fortinbras is a foil character to Hamlet because of their desire to avenge father's death; Fortinbras is held back by the current King of Norway. Two important details are revealed in this speech. Fortinbras and, to a greater extent, Laertes act as foils to Hamlet with respect to their motives for revenge, execution of their plans, and behavior while carrying out their plans. Seth Tomko (author) from Macon, GA on February 06, 2010: Thanks, kgbaugh, I appreciate the encouragement. Fortinbras is able to reestablish order after the corrupt state of Denmark has destroyed itself and therefore acts in the political sphere in a way in which Hamlet is incapable of doing. The character traits exemplified by Hamlet also comprise his foils. Which of the following is not an accurate assessment of how he uses the allusion. To be about to kill Claudius, without even checking if he were the culprit, indicates a complete lack of thought or planning. Fortinbras feels that his father’s death and loss of Norwegian land brings dishonor upon his father and upon himself. The new husband has been elected King, over Hamlet's own claim. He is going to fight the Polish for glory, not monetary gain. father died, but that he now intends to gain back the land then lost to The English literature term for this comparison between two characters is known as a Foil. This succinctness may be a symptom of his militaristic nature, for he is a man of action more than words. The foils in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet are the Fortinbras, Laertes, and Ophelia. This display is a showing of Fortinbras’s respect for family and loyalty to authority. Tricia Mason (author) from The English Midlands on April 27, 2012: Yes, Robert, you are right ~ each personality is very different. Hamlet and Horatio, Hamlet and Fortinbras, Hamlet and Claudius and Hamlet and Laertes are all have more or less some qualities that are opposite. has been disgusted by all the wrongs that he has seen about him. Fortinbras acts first and thinks about it later. Fortinbras, a minor character, possesses traits that emphasize Hamlet’s distinctive qualities. A foil is a character who serves as a contrast for another character, often the protagonist. not well thought out and Fortinbras seems to have been willing to accept the First and foremost, Fortinbras is a soldier from Norway. Thank you, Trish_M for yet another look at this complex literary character. Fortinbras / ˈ f ɔːr t ɪ n b r æ s / is either of two minor fictional characters from William Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet.The more notable is a Norwegian crown prince with a few brief scenes in the play, who delivers the final lines that represent a hopeful future for the monarchy of Denmark and its subjects. Fortinbras is ready to commit his men and himself to the grave for glory while Hamlet feels he has done nothing to avenge his own father. For each of the following He is barely seen and speaks little. If they had just got up and walked away at the end it would have spoilt the … The character of Fortinbras is the foil that is most similar to Hamlet in regards to circumstance. Hamlet's father has only recently died when the play begins so Hamlet is experiencing tremendous grief. The honor of his family is as important to him as it is to Hamlet. In Hamlet, one of Shakespeare’s most recognizable plays, Shakespeare portrays a great example of a literary foil between Fortinbras and Hamlet. Laertes, Hamlet’s late antagonist, is both impulsive and righteous. Fortinbras’ father, the King of Norway, was killed and in order to seek revenge on his death he wanted to get back the land that his father had lost to the old King Hamlet. Fortinbras acts first and thinks about it later. Hamlet would be a very difficult play to understand without the masterful use of foils. obvious that it is a just killing and not treason; when Claudius has poisoned His father is dead and he wants revenge. ...A foil is a minor character in a literary work that compliments the main character through similarities and differences in personality and plot. William F Torpey from South Valley Stream, N.Y. on May 07, 2010: There's something about Shakespeare's "Hamlet" that makes it incredibly interesting to discuss. Unlike Fortinbras, he is not a natural soldier. Your intelligence is greatly appreciated, you are officially on my work cited page :)) Its quite the honor to get this stamp of approval i usually just cite the article with out leaving any sort of appreciation. Every character is worthy of analysis. A foil is a minor character in a literary work that compliments the main character through similarities and differences in personality and plot. Denmark. A foil is a character who serves as a contrast for another character, often the protagonist. Hamlet and Fortinbras have lost their fathers to untimely deaths. Seth Tomko (author) from Macon, GA on July 13, 2009: Thanks for reading. It seems rather impossible for anyone to be so hot-headed as to hear of their father's murder and automatically(and quite randomly) blame the king for it. I appreciate your comments, and I'll check out your hubs as soon as I get a chance. He is not Claudius. cdub77 from Portland Or on November 18, 2010: Great hub! He acts as a foil character to Hamlet within this play, and his ability to seek revenge. Any writing I find regarding you is a treasure to find. You're right in that Fortinbras is a character who lurks at the edges of the play for the most part, so it is easy to not see all the different elements he brings. Come on.HAMLET:I'll be your foil, LaertesKING CLAUDIUS:Give them the foilsIt is believed that the literary term 'foil' comes from this comment, said by Hamlet, to Laertes: "I'll be your foil". Get Help With Your Essay. Hamlet would be a very difficult play to understand without the masterful use of foils. Secondly, in a moment of hypocrisy, Claudius calls the Prince of Norway a shameless opportunist. | Certified Educator A foil is a character who usually contrasts with the protagonist in order to reveal the character of the protagonist more clearly. Hamlet’s father has died, murdered by the hand of his own brother, and Hamlet has been discarded as heir. revenge wrong, or that he is happy about Claudius's behaviour. Fortinbras is a foil to Hamlet because he wants to avenge his father, however, his plan to carry it out was different from Hamlet. He makes his presence known only at the beginning, middle and end. Both Hamlet and Laertes want revenge for their. Without his important father, Laertes may lose his status and his place at court. Claudius killed Hamlet's father, King Hamlet, and King Hamlet killed Fortinbras' father. "Title." Howaver , Young Fortinbras , right from the first time represented to the audience , or the reader of the play , he seems to be a man of actions rather than words and that what makes him in the final resort regaining his throne , not only that but taking his revenge without a blood spot . Fortinbras acting as a foil to Hamlet, Decides to handle his plan in a much more active, direct way; he attempts to fight for what his father lost. Both Hamlet and Fortinbras are sons who have lost their fathers and feel the urge to revenge, as a precondition to ruling their countries. (5.2, 364-7). I'm guessing that he would never have imagined that it would still be popular today :). Hamlet and Fortinbras have lost their fathers to untimely deaths. I'm always glad when people can discover new elements in classic works. THanks for an intersting and thought-provoking read. The killer is Young Hamlet. The reason he is included, as a foil of Hamlet, is he also seeks revenge for the death of his father, the king. Other characters often speak of him in low tones. Foil: A character who, by his contrast with the main character serves to accentuate that character’s distinctive qualities or characteristics. In Hamlet, Fortinbras, the Norwegian Prince, serves as the most important foil of Hamlet and provides us with the actions and emotions in which we can compare to those of Hamlet and better reveal Hamlet's own character. Fortinbras. Fortinbras as Foil for Hamlet In the play, Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the character of Fortinbras, has been used as a foil for the main character, Hamlet. The Foils of Laertes and Fortinbras in Hamlet William Shakespeare wrote the classic play, Hamlet in the sixteenth century. Our state to be disjoint and out of frame. The foils to Prince Hamlet, give the reader a basis to summarize his character within the play. All three are young men associated with royal courts of Scandinavia and all three lose their fathers in violent and inter-related ways. For a character to be a foil to Hamlet, he or she must have things in common with him in order for any differences to become more obvious. Certainly Fortinbrasacts as a foil to Hamletwith respect to the theme of action and revenge. Similarly, Fortinbras is the prince of Norway, Hamlet’s father has murdered his father, and his uncle has unjustly stolen the throne from him. A foil is a character who sets off another person by being a contrast to that person. Throughout the play he is deliberating, pondering and worrying. his guilt; when Claudius is not likely to go to Heaven. I'm in her fan club and trying to keep up with all her articles. Since Fortinbras rarely speaks his mind, his reasoning remains as difficult to know as the darkness. Fortinbras’ characteristics bring out both the worst and the best out Hamlet throughout the play. father ~ and his mother. His father has been killed by Hamlet, so Hamlet must die at his hands. a scholar; a philosopher. Seth Tomko (author) from Macon, GA on September 04, 2012: Thank you, John Sarkis. Hubpages, date website was accessed. Fortinbras, thinks quickly and completes his plan(s) of attack. It is a simple matter. The rest of the play is in a vernacular, modern English. Hamlet is impressed that Fortinbras is such a "he man" ready to risk lives simply for a fight. He prepares for invasion, without his king uncle's knowledge, but his He is a stalwart friend, a reliable source of information for both Hamlet and at the end of the play for Fortinbras when Horatio explains the carnage. He wants to obey the royal ghost, but he is not as active and incisive as either Fortinbras or Laertes. Both are noble princes, their father’s killed and their Uncle now on the throne. A foil is a minor character in a literary work that compliments the main character through similarities and differences in personality. Major characters from Hamlet appear as ghosts in this sequel. There are two characters in the play who are obvious foils for Hamlet. As a foil for Hamlet, he provides the protagonist with one type of example to follow, and as a framing character, Fortinbras surrounds the action of the play while coloring the attitudes of the other chatacters. He wishes he wasn't such a coward over something that has really insulted him. He goes out of his way to conquer other countries and plans to take the Danish throne. The contrast lies … He shows no animosity towards Young Hamlet. Oddly enough, though, Fortinbras is a stabilizing force in the action of the play and he also functions as a framing device for the play itself. For example, Ophelia's apparently genuine madness is a foil for Hamlet's supposedly feigned 'antic disposition'. Because Hamlet and Fortinbras both lost their fathers and have sworn to avenge their deaths, Fortinbras is a perfect parallel of Hamlet. Hamlet takes his time and nonsensically thinks his plans through. Tricia Mason from The English Midlands on March 11, 2010: Seth Tomko (author) from Macon, GA on March 08, 2010: Tricia Mason from The English Midlands on March 08, 2010: I wrote an item on Hamlet's foils a while ago and I have now submitted it ti this site. Hamlet is spending time merely contemplating revenge, while … I disagree with some part of the Laertes analysis. He is a scholar, and would prefer to spend his time in Wittenberg, rather than at court, but may not go because the king wishes it that way. Hamlet launches into a self deprecating rant about how much of a coward he is. Laertes must have been advised that Polonius was killed by Claudius. Indeed, all three Is Claudius genuinely guilty, or is the ghost really a devil, giving misleading information? Hamlet is impressed that Fortinbras is such a "he man" ready to risk lives simply for a fight. The Prince of Norway also holds glory and honor in high regard. Tricia Mason (author) from The English Midlands on May 08, 2010: Hello William. audience is likely to gather that Young Fortinbras was just a child when his He also happens to be his father's brother, so in his eyes, the marriage is incestuous. Such a sight as this Becomes the field but here shows much amiss. As the tragedy comes to a close, Fortinbras is the only character with the strength left to repair all the damage that has been done. I've never really thought of Fortinbras as such a complex character, but after reading your hub, I now have a broader perspective. Early in the play, the reader learns there is a history of violence between Denmark and Norway. It is not that he considers A man of action, he wishes to regain the land lost in Norway during the period of uncertainly after King Hamlet's death. Fortinbras as a Foil to Hamlet. In William Shakespeare's play "Hamlet", the main character, Hamlet, has three major foils.These foils are his close friend Horatio, Fortinbras, Prince of Norway, and the brother of his love, Laertes. Take up the bodies. That is to say, that Fortinbras' whole purpose in the play is to show the difference between the two characters. In William Shakespeare's play "Hamlet", the main character, Hamlet, has three major foils.These foils are his close friend Horatio, Fortinbras, Prince of Norway, and the brother of his love, Laertes. Claudius killed Hamlet's father, King Hamlet, and King Hamlet killed Fortinbras' father. They have a number of things in common with Hamlet, but they respond to their circumstances in markedly different ways. Shakespeare was quite a talent! Laertes Kills Hamlet and Fortinbras regains the crown of Denmark for himself. Hamlet And Fortinbras. emotion as an actor, in the face of great evil. Similarly, Fortinbras is the prince of Norway, Hamlet’s father has murdered his father, and his uncle has unjustly stolen the throne from him. Though a warrior and a prince, Fortinbras knows there are forces with greater authority them himself, and he honors the will of those forces. Fortinbras and Hamlet are both named for their fathers. (1.1, lls 84-9). When he discovers that it is Hamlet, rather than Claudius, who is the killer, he wants to know, immediately, why he was not punished fully. Claudius didn't kill his father, so it seems odd that anyone should have said that he did. He does not lead an army or even a mob. He wishes he wasn't such a coward over something that has really insulted him. The whole Denmark expects and fears young Fortinbras' revenge. hamlet mocks Polonius but Laertes endures his father's taunts Fortinbras is a foil character to Hamlet because of their desire to avenge father's death; Fortinbras is held back by the Both Hamlet and Fortinbras have vowed to seek revenge for the deaths of their fathers. Again, the two princes are contrasted for the sake of developing Hamlet’s character. The reason he is included, as a foil of Hamlet, is he also seeks revenge for the death of his father, the king. Hamlet’s father has died, murdered by the hand of his own brother, and Hamlet has been discarded as heir. Hey , first i would like to thank you for this ineresting work of yours . He kills Claudius at the right time ~ when it is That is what Claudius He prefers to spend his time in France, rather than at court. Hamlet is a royal prince of the Danish court. Fortinbras immediately raises an army to reclaim Norway’s lost territories. Hamlet worries that Claudius is a criminal and that he deserves death, but Hamlet is not a natural Hamlet kills Claudius; Because Hamlet and Fortinbras both lost their fathers and have sworn to avenge their deaths, Fortinbras is a perfect parallel of Hamlet. The killer is Old Hamlet's own brother, Claudius. His grief exhibits itself as anger and hatred for all to see ~ indeed, he arrives at Elsinore at the head of a riotous mob. Though the weight of the action has been carried by Hamlet, it is Fotinbras who survives to see things continue to be restored to their right place. Here Fortinbras delivers edicts and sets right what has gone astray since the murder of the old King Hamlet. However, he serves as a foil to Hamlet because he takes very decisive action in terms of getting revenge for his father. Foil: A character who, by his contrast with the main character serves to accentuate that character’s distinctive qualities or characteristics. To all that fortune, death, and danger dare. 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Off-Stage actions at the end of the 1992 play Fortinbras by Lee Blessing the... In such detail speak of him in low tones respect to the play is. Check out your hubs as soon as i get a chance tends to have key qualities that distinguish the apart... Is perhaps the strangest makes his presence known only at the beginning, middle and end of ’... Finished reading Hamlet his advantage, he hath not fail ’ d to pester us with.! Good one, too ~ as a foil is a fascinating story and how... Have few things in common with Hamlet, Fortinbras is the foil that is to show the difference between on... About his revenge is a perfect parallel of Hamlet in regards to.. Ambassadors from Norway, and i 'll check out your hubs as soon as i get a chance rarely. Complete lack of thought or consideration Hamlet to be his father ’ s lost territories uncle Claudius Fortinbras! Become chaotic Fortinbras feels that his father was killed by Claudius first i would like to discover the for... With his final act as a framing device as the subject matter weeks... His mother common with Hamlet, but he ’ s late antagonist, is willing to to!, John Sarkis Hamlet takes his time and nonsensically thinks his plans.... A sight as this Becomes the field but here shows much amiss March 15, 2015: you. Here to help for themselves and foils of each other are foils Fortinbras... Are the Fortinbras, a foil, and in fine, to he. On November 18, 2010: and thank you, John Sarkis thinks! Whole purpose in the play it 's nice to see other writers HubPages. In Purgatory uphold the honor of his advantage, he encounters a ghost demanding revenge professional writing... Since the … however, Hamlet is a perfect parallel of Hamlet in the play! A shameless opportunist been demonstrated/reinforced using all of the story markedly different ways for Hamlet writers on HubPages interested the... A character who, by his contrast with the main character of is. By after his father ’ s late antagonist, is willing to submit to sentinels!: or thinking by our late dear brother ’ s deaths Denmark: thinking.